1859

• January 24/February 5 – Colonel Alexandru Ioan Cuza is elected in Bucharest as Ruller of Tara Romaneasca by the Elective Assembly.
• July 23/ August 4 – “Observatorul militar” the first military publication is issued in Bucharest. Editor: Gr. Lipoianu. The present weekly military publication continues this tradition.
• November 12/24 – Romanian General Staff is established through the High Order of the Day no. 83 signed by Ruller Alexandru Ioan Cuza.

 1860

• May 13/25 – the Law on principles and development of training within the United Prinicipalities Armed Forces,  that were in fact the same armed forces.

 1861

• “Romania”, the first two-gun river steam fighting ship is launched in Giurgiu.

• February 1/13 – Small ammunition and artillery workshops appear in Bucharest.
• July 22/August 3 – Military Schools from Bucharest and Iasi are joined in Bucharest based on “Rule of Military School from Bucharest” (1860), initially a five-year education system, then reduced to four (since 1865). Officially, the courses are opened in autumn 1862.

 1864

• February 10/22 – The Assembly votes the draft of Law on organization of the armed power. Not sanctioned by Cuza, initially, it will be adopted in November 27/December 9, 1864.
• February 15/27 – “Military Review” appears in Bucharest and its tradition is still continued by the “Romanian Military Thinking” publication of the General Staff.

 1868

• July 17/29 – Law on organization of the armed power

 1877

• April 4/16 – Signing of the Romanian-Russian convention, authorizing the Russian army to pass through the Romanian territory observing its integrity.
• April 6/18 – Romanian Armed Forces’ mobilization.
• May 9/21 – The Assembly of Deputies and then the Senate adopt the motions on the Proclamation of Independence of Romania.
• July 19/31 – Telegram of Great Duke Nicolae asking the Romanian King Carol for the Romanian army intervention across the Danube river.
• November 28/December 10 – Conquest of Pleven after a failed attempt of Osman Pasha to get out the encircling.

 1878

• February 12/24 – Romanian troops enter Vidin.
• October 8/20 –Victorious Romanian Army enter Bucharest on Mogosoaia Bridge and, since then, the street is called Calea Victoriei.

 1881

• March 14/26 – Romania becomes a Kingdom.

 1883

• October 18/30 – Romania joins the Central Powers military block by signing the Romanian-Austro-Hungarian Secret Treaty.

 1884

• Works on Bucharest fortifications.

1889

• August 8/20 – The War Superior School for staff officers is established by High Decree no. 2073/1889

 1898

• May 28/April 9 – Law on Navy’s organization

 1908

• April 1/14 - Law on organization of Army, repealing the 1868 Law .
• June 23/july 6 – Mobilization of the Army for the participation in the Second Balkan War; the General Headquarter is established and functioned till August 22/September 4, 1913 in Bucharest, Corabia, Turnu Magurele, Samovit, Cervenibeg, Pleven, Zimnicea.
• June 27/July 10 – Romania declares war to Bulgaria and enters the Second Balkan War.

 1914

• July 21/August 3 – The Private Council in Sinaia decides the neutrality of Romania in WW I.

 1915

• March – Mobilization of different Romanian contingents

1916

• August 4/17 – The Private Council in Cotroceni decides Romania's entrance in the war with the Antante.
• August 15/28 – Romanian Armed Forces pass the Carpathians in Transylvania.
• August 19/ September 1 - August 24/September 6 – Turtucaia battle is a disaster for the Romanian troops; beginning of retreat in Dobrogea.
• September 18/October 1 – September 22/October 5 – General Alexandru Averescu initiates and leads the counter-offensive on the Southern front, in Dobrogea, the so-called “Manevra de la Flamanda” (Flamanda Maneuver). After the initial success the action is stopped and the troops are moved on the Transylvanian front.
• September 26/October 9 – King Ferdinand I establishes the highest Romanian Order “Mihai Viteazu” by Royal Decree.
• November 16/29 – November 20/December 3 – The German-Austro-Hungarian offensive in Campia Munteniei; battles on Neajlov and Arges. Bucharest is left behind and afterwards occupied by the German-Austro-Hungarian troops in November 23/December 6. The central administration is moved to Iasi.

1917

• January-June – Romanian Armed Forces’ reconstruction with support of the French Military Mission led by General Henri Mathias Berthelot.
• July 11/24 – July 19/August 1 – The Marasti Battle. The 2nd Romanian Army heavy offensive (led by General Averescu) in cooperation with the 4th Russian Army ended with a tactical success, not strategically exploited due to the Eastern front evolution.
• July 24/August 6- August 6/19 – The Marasesti battle. The Romanian army led by Generals Constantin Christescu and Eremia Grigorescu repeal the German-Austro-Hungarian offensive led by Field Marshall August von Mackensen. It is the greatest battle on the Romanian front in the First World War.
• November 26/December 9 – The Truce between Romania and the Central Powers is concluded in Focsani.

1918

• January 10/23 – Romanian army enters Bessarabia at the repeated request of authorities in order to restore order and peace.
• March 5/18 – The preliminary Treaty with the Central Powers is signed in Buftea.
• March 27/April 9 – Union of Bessarabia with Romania by decision of the Representative Assembly (Sfatul Tarii).
• November 15/28 – Union of Bucovina with Romania.
• November 18/December 1 – Marea Adunare Nationala (Great National Assembly) in Alba Iulia decided the union of Transylvania with Romania Kingdom. National Day of Romania.

 1919

• August 4 – The Romanian troops occupy Budapest as a result of military actions initiated by the Hungarian Republic of Counsels (Bolshevik).

 1921

• March 3 -  Defensive Alliance Convention between Romania and Poland
• April 23 – Defensive Alliance Convention between Romania and Czechoslovakia
• June 7 – Defensive Alliance Convention between Romania and the Kingdom of Serbians, Croatians and Slovenes marking the Little Understanding (Romania, Czechoslovakia, the Kingdom of Serbians, Croatians and Slovenes).

 1922

• September 16 – Signing of the military convention between Romania and Poland

1923

• May 17 – Burial of the Unknown Soldier’s remains in Parcul Carol in the Capital. In 1958 they were moved to Marasesti Mausoleum. The remains of the Unknown Soldier were once more brought to Bucharest on October 25, 1991.
• September 14 – Signing of Tripartite Military Convention of the Little Understanding.
• December 18 – The National Military Museum is established through royal decree.

1924

• June 23 – The Law on the Armed Forces organization is voted; it is the base of the Romanian military system between the two World Wars.

1929

•  August 6 – Strike of workers in Lupeni (Hunedoara County), repressed by the Army

1931

• Decree of establishment of the Anti-Air Defence Command

1932

• April 28 – The Law no. 125 is promulgated through the High Decree no. 1536/1932 on modification of Law on the armed forces organization. According to the law, “The General Staff is the body through which the Ministry of National Defence , leads and controls the Armed Forces preparations for war”.

1938

• October 15 – The Ministry of Procurement for the Armed Forces is established 

1939

• September 1 – The Second World War starts
• September 6 – Romania declares its neutrality

1940

• June 28-July 3 –Hasty retreat of the Armed Forces and the administration from Bessarabia, after the Soviet ultimatum.
• July 7 – The first military radio broadcast “Ora armatei” (Military Hour)
• August 30 – The Vienna Diktat, by which Northern Transylvania is incorporated by Hungary.
• September 7 – South of Dobrodgea is incorporated by Bulgaria.
• December 6 – The first rules of “Mihai Viteazu“ Order is issued.
• June 22 – The Romanian armed forces alongside the German armed forces start the attack against the Soviet Union for the freedom of Bessarabia and North of Bucovina.
• July 5 – Cernauti town is liberated
• July 29 – General Ion Antonescu decides the continuation of military actions over the Nipper river due to political and military reasons
• October 16 – After two months of heavy battles, the troops of the 4th Romanian Army conquer Odessa. The Romanian armed forces lost about 92545 persons (wounded, killed and missing).

1942

• July 1 – Sevastopol is occupied by the Romanian troops.
• July 4 – The German and Romanian troops conquer Crimea

     1943 

• February 2 – End of Stalingrad battles in which the Romanian troops also participated. The Romanian armed forces had 155,010 casualities.

1944

• April 4 – US heavy air raid on Bucharest
• April 5 - US heavy air raid on Ploiesti
• August 23 – Romania joins the United Nations. One of the most important moments of World War II. Chief of General Staff is appointed the Division General Gheorghe Mihail. Through the High Order no. 1, the King assigns him to conduct “the operations of all the armed forces – Land, Air and Navy- till the establishment of command relations for the future cooperation with the UN troops”.
• October 25 - The Romanian territory is liberated from the foreign occupation. Since October 1959 - the Day of the Romanian Armed Forces. The Day of the Romanian Armed Forces was October 2, between 1951-59; it was the day approved by Stalin for the Romanian prisoners from the Soviet Union’s territory, in 1943, to establish the Division of volunteers “Tudor Vladimirescu”.

1945

• May 12 – The Romanian armed forces its participation alongside the United Nations for the final victory against the Nazi Germany, after 260 days of combat. In nine months, the military effectives engaged in combats were 540,000 combatants.

1946

• November 19 – The first post war parliamentary elections, faked by the communists, when the military got the right to vote for the first time.

1947

• February 10 – Romanian delegation signs the Treaty of Peace with the Allied and Associated Powers in Paris
• December 30 – Romania becomes Republic. King Mihai I was forced to abdicate.

1948

• The Romanian Communist Party is officially present within the Armed Forces through the political military structure called the Armed Forces Superior Political Directorate.

1950  

• March – The Ministry of Defence becomes the Ministry of the Armed Forces. In 1972 it will return to the old denomination.

1955

• May 14 – Romania is founding member of the Warsaw Treaty Organization. The first commander was the Soviet Marshall I.S. Konev. The Treaty dissolved its military structures in February 1991, and it was repealed on July 1991.

1958

• June-July – The Soviet troops, stationed since 1944 on the Romanian territory are retreated after the negotiations between Gheorghe Gheorghiu Dej  and N.S. Hrusciov through Emil Bodnaras

1959

• The body of NCOs was re-established. It had been repealed in 1950.

1962

• The first common exercise within the Warsaw Treaty is held in Dobrogea, SE of Romania.

1968

• August 20/21 – Romania by the decision taken by Nicolae Ceausescu, does not participate alongside the Warsaw Treaty troops in the invasion of Czechoslovakia.

1972

• December 27/28 – The Session of the Great National Assembly adopts the Law on the organization of the national defence of Romania (Law 14/1972), stipulating the national defence system comprises two categories of forces: permanent and non permanent

1981

• May 14 – The Soviet Union launches the space shuttle “Soiuz 40” with Romanian - Soviet crew: Senior Lieutenant Dumitru Prunariu became thus the first Romanian spaceman who was onboard of the Soviet shuttle.

1989

• December 22 – The communist regime is overthrown by the popular revolt in which the armed forces participated, too.

1994

• January 26 - Romania signs the Partnership for Peace Programme
• The Great Staff becomes the General Staff.

2002

• November 21/22 – Romania is invited to join NATO together with other six European states at the Prague Summit
  
• The first Romanian troops are deployed to Afghanistan within the ISAF operation

2003

• July – An Infantry Battalion and a Military Police Detachment are deployed in Nasiriyah, marking the beginning of the Romanian military contribution to “Iraqi Freedom” Operation

2004

• March 29 – Prime Minister Adrian Nastase participated in the Ceremony of presentation of Romania’s instruments of join NATO, in Washington, D.C.
• April 2 – The festivity of hoisting the national flags of the seven new NATO member states, Romanian inclusive, occurs in NATO HQ, in Brussels

The Chronology was made by the Service of Military Archives and Documentation